How to test hardware for heat damage on a laptop?

Hi all,

Long story short, I bought a used laptop today that was described only as needing a new inverter.
As it tus out, the laptop won't even tu on because a heat source has been applied to the base causing some slight melting of the plastic base. I've looked inside and can't see or smell any evidence of a short, and it doesn't look like anything else is melted. This makes me think the heat was applied exteally and that there may be a tiny glimmer of hope that I may be able to repair this myself without spending too much money.

Is there a way I can test any of the components myself to determine what is damaged/needs replacing?