[ubuntu] Corrupt micro SD card... or not?

Hello friends. This post is going to sound like I'm asking for Android help, but please understand I'm not. I'm at the end of the road troubleshooting this situation on my Ubuntu laptop, and I'm questioning if what I'm seeing here on Ubuntu is somewhat conclusive to whether the Micro SD card is good, bad, or somewhere in between.

Long story short, I have a Micro SD card in my Galaxy S4. I've taken a lot of pictures and video in a short amount of time (to the tune of about 1,600 files). I use FolderSync to automatically sync everything when coected to wifi to my NAS. The catch is, two videos in particular (253 MB and 350 MB) continuously fail to transfer. As a result, I've tried other means to transfer these two video files, including:

1) Uploading to my ownCloud server
2) Uploading to my Google Drive account
3) Uploading to Dropbox
4) Firing up AirDroid and attempting to download them through a web browser
5) Transferring them manually to my NAS via Astro File Manager
6) Using a USB cable and pulling the two videos off via Nautilus
7) Putting the Micro SD card in an SD adapter and copying the videos to my laptop
8) Through terminal, copying + rsyncing the videos to my laptop
All failed, with most citing an input/output error.

It's worth noting that one video fails to play period. The other video will play on my phone just fine.

I checked the card with GParted, but saw no errors.

Ultimately, I ran a command I found online (scary, right?) to check the SD card. Here are the results:

jason@mobile-hq1:/media/jason/0F28-1B01/DCIM/Camera$ dosfsck -vtr /dev/mmcblk0p1 
fsck.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
open: Permission denied
jason@mobile-hq1:/media/jason/0F28-1B01/DCIM/Camera$ sudo !!
sudo dosfsck -vtr /dev/mmcblk0p1 
[sudo] password for jason: 
fsck.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
Checking we can access the last sector of the filesystem
0x41: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data may be corrupt.
1) Remove dirty bit
2) No action
? 1
Boot sector contents:
System ID "MSWIN4.1"
Media byte 0xf8 (hard disk)
       512 bytes per logical sector
     32768 bytes per cluster
       144 reserved sectors
First FAT starts at byte 73728 (sector 144)
         2 FATs, 32 bit entries
   3895296 bytes per FAT (= 7608 sectors)
Root directory start at cluster 2 (arbitrary size)
Data area starts at byte 7864320 (sector 15360)
    973696 data clusters (31906070528 bytes)
16 sectors/track, 4 heads
      2048 hidden sectors
  62331904 sectors total
/DCIM/Camera/20160131_155009.mp4
  Cluster 3429 (45977) is unreadable. Skipping it.
/DCIM/Camera/20160131_155009.mp4
  Cluster 3433 (45982) is unreadable. Skipping it.
/DCIM/Camera/20160131_155009.mp4
  Cluster 3433 (45983) is unreadable. Skipping it.
/DCIM/Camera/20160131_155009.mp4
  Cluster 3437 (45988) is unreadable. Skipping it.
/DCIM/Camera/20160131_155009.mp4
  Cluster 3437 (45989) is unreadable. Skipping it.